Chuck Holton
Politics • Culture • News
Reading Armenia: Essential Books on a Nation’s Past and Present
August 29, 2025

Armenia is a land where history runs deep—etched into mountains, monasteries, and memory. Whether you are drawn to the haunting testimonies of the Armenian Genocide, the sweeping narratives of classic Armenian novels, or modern reflections on diaspora and identity, books offer one of the richest pathways into understanding Armenia. In this post, we’ll explore some of the most powerful and essential works—histories, memoirs, fiction, and travelogues—that illuminate the Armenian experience for readers around the world.

  1. The Crossing Place: A Journey Among The Armenians by Philip Marsden

    Philip Marsden’s The Crossing Place: A Journey Among the Armenians (1994 Somerset Maugham Award) is a vivid travel narrative written as the Soviet Union collapsed and Armenia faced war and hardship. As a young Englishman, Marsden journeyed through Eastern Europe and the Middle East to reach Armenia, encountering scattered Armenian communities along the way. Rather than centering on Mount Ararat or solely on the Genocide, he explored how Armenians endured exile, preserved identity, and carried a legacy of resilience. With crisp, lyrical prose, Marsden captures both landscapes and people, portraying Armenians as not just a footnote to history but a subtext—restless, tough, and bound together across borders.


  2. The Forty Days of Musa Dagh by Franz Werfel 

    Franz Werfel’s The Forty Days of Musa Dagh (1933) remains the most famous literary work on the Armenian Genocide. Based on the true story of villages that resisted Ottoman deportation orders in 1915 and survived until rescued by the French Navy, the novel became an international bestseller, translated into many languages and later adapted into film and opera. Banned by the Nazis and denounced by Turkey, it nonetheless inspired Jews under Nazi occupation and was embraced by Armenians worldwide. More than a historical novel, Werfel’s epic portrays courage, endurance, and the moral urgency of confronting atrocity, cementing its place as both literature and testimony.
  3. An Armenian Sketchbook by Vasily Grossman

Vasily Grossman’s An Armenian Sketchbook is a short, intimate account of the two months he spent in Armenia after the Soviet regime “arrested” his masterpiece Life and Fate. Initially taking on the trip for work and money, Grossman found himself captivated by Armenia’s mountains, ancient churches, and people. Written with warmth and spontaneity, the book feels like a candid conversation with the author, blending travel impressions with personal reflection. More than a travelogue, it’s a self-portrait of a writer searching for meaning amid exile and change, offering readers a wonderfully human glimpse into both Armenia and Grossman himself.

4. The Burning Tigris by Peter Balakian

Peter Balakian’s The Burning Tigris is a national bestseller that offers a powerful narrative of the late 19th-century massacres of Armenians and the 1915 Armenian Genocide. Drawing on rare archival documents and eyewitness testimony, Balakian exposes how the Ottoman Turks carried out the first modern genocide under the cover of World War I. At the same time, he uncovers a forgotten chapter of American history, when ordinary citizens and leaders rallied to aid Armenian survivors, making this both a chilling history and a story of humanitarian response.

 

5. The Story of the Last Thought by Edgar Hilsenrath

Edgar Hilsenrath’s The Story of the Last Thought tells the tragic tale of an Armenian village destroyed during the 1915 Genocide, framed as the dying vision of Thovma Khatisian. Guided by the storyteller Meddah, Thovma’s final thought becomes a journey through his family’s history and the suffering of his people. Mixing historical fact with the style of an oriental fairy tale, Hilsenrath blends myth, memory, and meticulously researched detail. The result is both a cruel yet compassionate novel—one that mourns loss while affirming hope, and speaks to the plight of all genocide victims.

6. Passage to Ararat by Michael J. Arlen

Michael J. Arlen’s Passage to Ararat (winner of the National Book Award in 1976) is both a personal and historical exploration of Armenian identity. Seeking to understand what his famous Anglo-Armenian father had tried to forget, Arlen travels into Armenia’s past and present, confronting the legacy of genocide, exile, and survival. What emerges is a narrative as sweeping as a people’s history yet as intimate as a father–son relationship, blending cultural discovery with the painful and affirming truths of kinship and belonging.

 

If you like watching movies, here are some recommendations.

  1. Lost and Found in Armenia (2013)

Bill (Jamie Kennedy) is forced to take a vacation in Turkey after a bad breakup and a parasailing accident leave him stranded in a small Armenian village. He meets a young woman (Angela Sarafyan) there who helps him escape from his misfortunes.

2. The Pomise (2016)

The film tells the story of Michael (Oscar Isaac), a young Armenian who dreams of studying medicine. When he travels to Constantinople to study, he meets Armenian Ana (Charlotte Le Bon) and falls in love with her, although she dates the American photographer Chris (Christian Bale), sent to Turkey to record the first genocide of the 20th century when the Turks exterminated the Armenian minority. A love triangle settles amidst the horrors of war.

3. Amerikatsi (2022)

Armenian-American repatriate Charlie Bakhchinyan is arrested for the absurd crime of wearing a tie in Soviet Armenia. Alone in solitary confinement, he soon discovers that he can see inside of an apartment building near the prison from his cell window. By watching the native Armenian couple living in the apartment, day in and day out, Charlie soon discovers everything he returned to Armenia for.

Amerikatsi is about hope and the art of survival in the worst of conditions.

4. Between Borders (2024)

The incredible true story of an Armenian family forced to flee their home during the collapse of the Soviet Union, and embark on a journey to find a community to call their own.

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Greenland and Iceland: a study in contrasts

I had a great view out the plane window as I left Greenland today and the photography is really striking. It’s just solid snow and ice as far as you can see.

Two hours later we were dropping into Iceland, which is almost the same latitude, and it was 43° and rainy. Very strange. I think these two places need to switch names.

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I Went to Greenland. The Truth About Trump's Claim

I stepped off the plane into Nuuk expecting “cold,” the way you expect cold when you’ve looked at a weather app and seen a number with a minus sign attached, but Greenland doesn’t really do cold as a temperature so much as it does cold as a condition—something that presses against your cheeks, creeps into your gloves, and makes the simplest choices feel like strategy, like whether you can afford to stop walking long enough to film a shot without your hands turning into useless bricks.

The first thing that hits you is how close everything feels to the edge of the world: the ocean is right there, the mountains loom like the backdrop of a survival documentary, and the snow doesn’t just “fall,” it moves sideways, drifting and pooling into ridges that force you off sidewalks and into the kind of half-plowed, half-forgotten paths where you start making peace with the idea that you might have to cut between somebody’s house just to find your way back to wherever “home” is tonight.

I walked down to the water because I wanted to see what Nuuk looks like the way Nuuk sees itself—facing outward, facing the sea—and out there, unbelievably, there was a guy in a boat, just working the icy water like it was any other day, which is the kind of detail that makes you realize how quickly humans can normalize the extraordinary when the extraordinary is what they grew up with.

And then there were the icebergs.

Not the dramatic, movie-poster ones you think of when someone says “iceberg,” but these smaller pieces that look like they broke off something much bigger and drifted in close, like the Arctic casually scattering fragments of itself along the shore for you to study up close; some of them were the size of a truck, which still qualifies as “tiny” here, and some were smaller still, but the color is what keeps pulling your eyes back—this improbable, almost luminous blue that looks like it belongs in a gemstone, not in a chunk of frozen seawater sitting on a beach.

It was around sixteen degrees when I filmed that first clip—sixteen Fahrenheit—and people kept telling me, almost cheerfully, that I was lucky, because this was “pretty warm,” and that’s the kind of local optimism you either admire or resent depending on how far into your gloves the cold has crawled.

But I didn’t come to Greenland just to confirm that it is, in fact, Greenland.

I came because I wanted to see what it feels like in a place when the President of the United States starts talking about that place the way a developer talks about an empty lot, or the way a bully talks about a smaller kid’s lunch money, and I wanted to hear it from the people who live here—people who have never had to wonder whether America is a friend, because the assumption has always been yes, of course, that’s what allies are.

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Comprehensive Report: Why Denmark and Greenland Are Not America’s Enemies


Ah, yes, the classic foreign policy move: eye a strategic chunk of ice bigger than Texas, declare it must be yours “one way or another,” and then act surprised when your long-time NATO buddy starts looking at you like you’re the ex who won’t stop texting at 3 a.m. President Trump’s revived obsession with acquiring Greenland—first floated as a cheeky real-estate deal in 2019, now upgraded to vague military-threat territory in his second term—has managed to turn a reliable ally into a diplomatic headache. But let’s be clear: Denmark and Greenland are emphatically not America’s enemies. In fact, they’re the kind of allies who show up when it counts, bleed for the cause, and then get rewarded with public musings about forced annexation. Charming.



The Post-9/11 Loyalty Test: Denmark Actually Showed Up


When the towers fell on September 11, 2001, NATO invoked Article 5 for the first (and so far only) time in its history. An attack on one is an attack on all. The United States called, and Denmark—tiny, prosperous, usually more known for pastries than combat—didn’t just RSVP. They deployed troops to the sharp end.
Denmark sent around 9,500 personnel to Afghanistan between 2002 and 2013, mostly in the brutal Helmand Province as part of the British-led task force. They fought in some of the war’s nastiest spots, suffered ambushes, IEDs, and prolonged sieges (remember Musa Qala in 2006?). The result? 43 Danish soldiers killed in Afghanistan alone—the highest per-capita loss of any NATO ally, even edging out the United States in proportional sacrifice for a nation of under 6 million people. That’s not “token support.” That’s putting skin in the game.
And it didn’t stop there. Denmark was one of the few countries (and the only Scandinavian one) to join the U.S.-led invasion and occupation of Iraq, deploying forces despite domestic controversy. Another 8 Danish soldiers died in Iraq. In total, over 50 Danish troops never came home from these post-9/11 operations.
President Obama once publicly thanked Denmark for its “extraordinary contributions” in Helmand, noting they operated “without caveat” and took “significant casualties.” Yet here we are, years later, with threats to seize Greenland dangling like a bad punchline. If that’s how we treat allies who literally died defending our collective security, no wonder the rest of NATO is side-eyeing the whole thing.


The Greenland Reality Check: Already a Cooperative Arrangement


Greenland isn’t some hostile foreign outpost—it’s Danish sovereign territory, but the U.S. has had a cozy military foothold there since World War II. The 1951 Defense of Greenland Agreement lets American forces operate bases like Pituffik Space Base (formerly Thule Air Base), with radar systems crucial for missile defense and Arctic monitoring.

U.S. planes fly over, land, and conduct operations with Danish cooperation—no need for a takeover when you already have the keys.


Denmark has consistently facilitated U.S. access while balancing Greenlandic self-governance. Recent years have seen upgrades to early-warning systems tied to ballistic missile defense, plus joint economic and environmental cooperation. In short: the current setup works for American national security interests without anyone needing to wave invasion threats around. Why risk blowing up a perfectly functional alliance over something that’s already half yours?


The Backfire Potential: Bravado Meets Reality


Trump’s approach—bluster first, details later—might play well in rally crowds, but it’s textbook overreach when directed at a NATO ally. Danish leaders (and Greenlanders, who poll at ~85% against joining the U.S.) have called it “absurd,” with warnings that any military move would spell “the end of NATO.” Other European allies are rallying behind Denmark, boosting military exercises in Greenland as a not-so-subtle signal. Threatening to invade a partner that invoked Article 5 for us, sent troops to our wars, and hosts our Arctic bases? That’s not “winning” the negotiation—it’s handing Russia and China the propaganda gift of a fractured West on a silver platter.


In the end, Denmark and Greenland aren’t enemies. They’re the friends who had your back when it was dangerous, expensive, and unpopular. Treating them like a hostile takeover target is not just bad strategy—it’s hilariously tone-deaf. Maybe next time, try diplomacy instead of threats. Or at least buy them dinner first. After all, they’ve already paid in blood.

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Earlier in the day, President Trump was asked about reports of killings and executions. His response—paraphrased—suggested he’d been told the violence was “stopping,” and that planned executions weren’t going forward.

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  1. He’s being lied to, and nobody around him is willing to put real truth on his desk.

  2. He’s playing political theater, saying one thing publicly while keeping Iran guessing privately.

If you’ve watched Trump over the years, you know he has a pattern: he’ll often sound like he’s easing off right before applying pressure. It’s why a lot of people expected strikes that night. The posture looked like a feint—until it looked like more than a feint.

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The “Ghost Fleet” Seizure That Shouldn’t Be Ignored

While everyone was staring at Iran, the U.S. made another major move elsewhere: another very large crude carrier was seized in the Caribbean—the sixth tanker taken in this campaign.

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